The first 6 characters come from the surname and given names (three consonants from the family name and three from the first name; vowels are used if there are not enough consonants, and “X” fills any empty slots). The next two digits are the last two digits of the birth year. The ninth character is a letter representing the birth month (A = January, B = February, C = March, D = April, E = May, H = June, L = July, M = August, P = September, R = October, S = November, T = December). The following two digits denote the birth day; for women 40 is added to the day (e.g., 01 becomes 41). Characters 12–15 are the municipality code (for births in Italy) or a code starting with “Z” for foreign countries. The last character is a control letter calculated via an algorithm.